Effectiveness of Non

Introduction Effective leadership plays a vital role to develop the company; therefore, business organizations have leaders to protect the organizational culture and concentrate on the mission of the companies. However, the leadership problem arises in the family business in most of the cases, for instance, unresolved conflict, mismanagement, and different views are the key problems in this field.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Effectiveness of Non-Family Member Leaders in Family Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Business owners can deal with these issues successfully when good relationship among the members create and ensure flexible and secure business environment. However, family business environment can change at any time for different reasons, such as, divorce, financial crises, health issues, obscure leadership approach and clear strategies, succession, ineffective remuneration policy, fav ouritism, no unified objective, unskilled human resource, and so on (â€Å"EMyth: The Challenges of a Family Business† par.2). Research Aims and Questions How non-family member leaders can contribute for the development of family business and national economy; The extent to which family members accept the decisions of the leaders of non-family members; Assess the impact of non-family member leaders on the stakeholders; Contributions of research to business organizations The proposed research will enhance and broaden present theoretical perceptions on the effectiveness of non-family member leaders in family business; in addition, it will encourage other researchers to use the result of proposed research for the future research. In addition, the proposed dissertation will assist the family members of the family business in the UK and other nations in order to identify the loopholes of the business and restructure organizations considering the outcome of this result regarding the effectiveness of non-family member leaders. Reason for Study Cable (6) reported that there were more than 3 million family businesses in the United Kingdom, and these firms provided about 9.2 million jobs (40% of total private sector employment), and generated revenues of  £1.1 trillion in 2010 (35% of private sector turnover). Moreover, Cable (6) further addressed that family businesses have significant role to shape the national economy (in 2010, it contributed  £81.7bn in tax receipts or 14% of total government revenues) for which it is essential to manage such business by improving leadership quality and increasing labour productivity; as a result, this is one of the most important area of research.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Literature Review Klein (1) explored that it is very important to investigate the function of non-family leaders in the famil y business; however, it is also essential to compare their role with the leaders appear from the family orientation; such comparison would provide a greater understanding to develop a business model that ultimately resolve the theoretic debate regarding the role of non-family leaders. In order to conduct literature search, this study would consider three areas, which raised by the research questions; on the other hand, it would look for the shared deliberation of the family owner and non-family leader to come into a close relationship, associated recruitment process of the non-family leader and his behaviour all through the employment. The European Commission (4) mentioned that due to the economic contribution of family business and its long-term substantiality during the financial crisis and recessionary economy, continuous efforts to the local community development and their ethical standard turned them essential for the national development; moreover, the states needed to provide special concern for them. The corporate data illustrated that 60% of the European firms are under family business category and they are working in different sectors with successful record of accomplishment; most of the SMEs are under this category. The most acceptable and agreed definition provided by the EC is that a firm would be considered a family business if the founder or owner or ‘majority of decision-making rights’ or acquired share capital are concentrated within the family members such as spouses, children, parents, or direct heirs and at least a single delegate of them who officially represent them. For listed companies, the company has considered a family business if 25% of share capital of decision-making rights concentrate to any founder or owner of his family members; furthermore, the EC has just guided the definitions and urged to implement them in the individual national context of the member states with improved choice. The Ernst Young (1-36) conduct ed a landmark study with 280 family businesses with joint efforts of the FBNI, and Credit Suisse in order to identify the greater insight with the procedure of conducting such business; furthermore, its core competences, strategies, and professionalism to sustain under the hard economic condition.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Effectiveness of Non-Family Member Leaders in Family Business specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Among them, ten business leaders were executives (family members) among more than 1000 executives, who became most prominent and gained awards from the academia for their contribution to the family business arena within the surveyed respondents; however, the performance of the family executives were more exciting and remarkable than the non-family business leaders. Under the present economic reality, the findings of the research identifies that although there are some disadvantageous a ttributes of family business, the performance of family business leaders even new family members are superior than the non-family leaders while 30% new family members are coming into the business with business degrees and perfect skills. On the other hand, Birchall Ketilson (15) advocated with the non-family leadership arguing that the family leadership in the family business could be aligned with nepotistic; they could develop widespread paternalistic exercise that a non-family leader would never put into practice where family members would not be privileged to influence unethically. Moreover, enterprises single ownership and self-employed people could consider, as the family business in many countries where unattractive representation of labour markets looks very worse in such small companies; moreover, the most common dilemmas of them is lower wages with less career opportunities that could not attract potential non-family leaders. As the non-family leader are standing apart and composed with business skills and committed to the family, they could provide exceptional control over the business that lets the non-family leader to strongly handle emotional and soft issues rise from family leadership. At the same time, the non-family leaders have to face tremendous threats from the family members who are most likely habituated to integrate emotional blackmailing in the business. This proposed literature review would search the most neglected research direction aligned with gaps with existing direction of non-family leaders with the aim to identify function of business leaders to strengthen the prospective of modern family business pointing to the success and failure of them.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thesis Statement Amanna and Jacques (204) pointed out that the academic literature of family business has evidenced with better performance than non-family business during the global financial meltdown although the conventional wisdom regarding contribution of non-family leaders prolong confusing idea and required to have further research to identifying the actual truth. Under the present global financial crisis and its long-term recessionary impact, the rate of recovery in the family business is greater than the non-family business, but this data does not evidenced to any positive role or optimistic contribution from the non-family executives. Thus, the role of non-family executives in the family business remain unclean and grounded with huge conceptual gap; so, this literature has aimed to look for most resent studies based on the concurrent recessionary economy in order to enrich the area with better understanding and to provide direction for further research non-family leaders. Research Methodology and Methods Research philosophy Williams (1) stated that research philosophy is a significant aspect of research methodology to collect data in useful and correct way considering time limitation and budget constraints; however, three philosophies include positivism (highly structured methodology to quantify and assess the outcome), interpretive (applicable when business is too complex) and realism philosophy (interdependency of human values and beliefs). However, Williams (1) argued that researcher could collect all the data when it considers positivism, interpretive philosophy based on the critical thinking about positivism philosophy and realism philosophy depend on the fact that human are not the objects for research; therefore, proposed research will consider positivism and interpretive philosophy to discuss the effectiveness of non-family member leaders in family business. The strategy (induction/deduction) Burney (5) stated that Induction method (also know n as â€Å"bottom up† approach) is more widely used in the scientific research field to formulate some tentative hypotheses to explore and to develop the theory and measurement. On the other hand, Burney (4) argued that deduction methods commonly used in the social research and it starts with theory; however, the next graph demonstrates the distinction between the deductive and inductive method – Figure 1: Deductive Versus Inductive Approach Source: Self generated from Burney (5) However, the proposed research will consider deductive approach because this is appropriate with the research field â€Å"Effectiveness of non-family member leaders in family business† while it is beyond the knowledge of the researcher to introduce a theory from observation. Research Design The proposed research will consider both qualitative and quantitative approaches to analyze the importance of non-family member leaders in family business, for instance, qualitative research will pl ay vital role to gather border opinion of the family business owners and quantitative research approach will help the researcher to identify the behavioural attributes with statistical representation. However, the proposed research will contain six major steps or chapters considering both primary and secondary research, for instance – Problem statement: This chapter will to identify core principles of leadership styles in family business, objectives of different stockholders, and different perspectives regarding organizational challenges; Development of a research approach to the problem; Research design formulation: the proposed research will provide methodological framework to illustrate the effectiveness of non-family member leaders in family business and it will contain overall process to organise the paper; Fieldwork or Data Collection: Semi structured questionnaire will be prepared for the data collection from the owners and members of family business; Data preparation and analysis: Effective measurement tools will be used; Report preparation and presentation; Sample Size The researcher of the proposed study will conduct face-to-face interview as the owners and employees of family business are too cooperative to participate in the interview; therefore, researcher will prepare a questionnaire to interview on specific factors to reach conclusion in this regard. At least, 200 respondents will participate in the interview process; however, the following table gives more information about interviewees – Personal Background and sample size Frequency a Gender Male 112 Female 88 b Total Respondents 200 Quantitative data size 180 Qualitative data size 20 c Age 18 – 30 64 31 – 40 76 41 – 50 28 51 – 60 22 61 =/+ 10 d Experience in the family business 01 – 05 30 06 – 12 95 13 – 20 52 20 + 23 e Educational level Below senior school 42 A level 24 Bachelor 62 Master 70 PhD or other professional qualification 2 f Social network or Internet user Facebook users 130 LinkedIn members 32 Google members Other Table 1: Profiles of family business members and owners Source: Self generated Data Collection Strategy: The strategies for the data collection programmes will be based on the traditional process along with questionnaire, such as, the researcher will apply personal or face-to-face interview, telephone interview, and web survey through semi-structured questionnaire to analyse the effectiveness of the leaders of non-family member in the family business. However, the rationale for considering traditional approach for data collection is to have sufficient time and budget to conduct field survey using questionnaire, the family business stakeholders, and owners are responsive to share their views to contribute to conduct research on leadership approach in family business. Data Analysis Process The qualit ative data regarding the effectiveness of non-family member leaders on family business will be analysed in descriptive manner, for instance, the research will carefully read the text or lessen the tape records in order to shape the quality data; after filtering process, the data will be presented in the main text. The descriptive and interpretive analysis of qualitative research approach will focus mainly on the difference between leaders of family business and leaders of corporate company leaders in decision-making process to solve conflicts and dilemmas since the human resource are not skilled enough in case of family business. On the other hand, quantitative data regarding leadership style in the family business will be graphically presented using statistical software, such as, Microsoft excel, Matlab or others; however, selection of software will be based on the questionnaire (number of variables) of the proposed research. However, the next figure shows data analysis process â⠂¬â€œ Figure 1: Data analysis process Source: Self generated Potential threats to validity and reliability The researcher can be biased at the time of questionnaire design and data analysis process; as a result, the researcher of the proposed study will check the instrument considering both external and internal validity to make the data reliable to all range of business employees and owners of family business. Ethical issues As the research involved human participation, the proposed will collect data after getting consent from the business owners and members of the family business; in addition, the proposed study will treat personal information of family business holders as confidential data (respect for anonymity and privacy) following Data Protection Act 1998 in the perspective of the UK. Participant Information Sheet Title: Effectiveness of Non Family Member Leaders in Family Business By signing below, signatory are assenting that he/she has read and understood this sheet, t he aim of the research to meet problem related with leadership crisis in the family business along with the family attachment and emotions; in addition, signatory will assess the risk factors (no potential risk incur in this case), and taking part in this survey voluntarily Name of the respondent Signature of the respondent Date Name of person obtaining consent Signature of the individual Table 2: Participant Information Sheet Source: Self generated Resources It should require a laptop, statistical software, tape recorder, mobile phone and some other tools; on the other hand, it needs at least $2500 to conduct research on the effectiveness of non-family member leaders in family business; however, this cost associated with transportation costs for field survey, preparation of documents, collect secondary data sources (purchase books), and additional overhead costs. Timetable Task Date Time Submit this proposal for approval 03 May 2013 May be approved within 15 days of submission Prepare problem statement with research gap, research question and objectives 16 May 2013 to 31 May 2013 At least 15 days require to complete first chapter Prepare first draft of literature review with theoretical analysis 01 June 2013 to 30 June 2013 30 days require as it is largest chapter and need deep concentration Confirm sample, design instruments for methodology chapter 01 July 2013 to 14 July 2013 At least 14 days require to research design for data collection It will conduct field survey to assemble primary data 16 July 2013 to 31 August 2013 It should minimum 45 days as it is lengthy process Analyse data and resent report format 01 September 2013 to 30 September 2013 30 days for editing, coding and presenting Conclusion and recommendation 02 October 2013 to 15 October 2013 Minimum 15 days require Finish the entire draft of the proposed dissertation and begin revisions 16 October 2013 to 30 October 2013 14 days reserve for revisions Submit final p aper 01 November 2013 Table 3: Research schedule Source: Self generated Conclusion The proposed research with non-family members in the family businesses and its direction to the literature review has aimed to support the relevant research questions for this study while main objective of this paper is to generate literature adequately demonstrates the significance of non-family leaders in family businesses. The outcomes of the research would enhance the family business with new findings and show the future direction for further research with non-family business leaders comparing with the family leaders in context of their origin, performance, and professionalism. The potential strengths of the proposed research include available secondary data sources along with primary data to shape literature review and develop a strategic framework to develop leadership approach in the family business with non-family member CEO to cover in detail all areas related to this field. At the same t ime, key strengths will be the outcomes of survey report to analyse qualitative and quantitative data, the result of the overall research on problematic dynamic particularly in the family firm, comparison with non-family businesses and family businesses, importance of the family attachment and emotions, evaluate the advantage and disadvantage of non-family leadership, and the market advantage. The proposed study will not contain major weaknesses, as the research will take appropriate measure on time; however, some possible weaknesses include time and budget constraints since it will consider large participants for field survey. Works Cited Amanna, Bruno. Jacques Jaussaudb. â€Å"Family and non-family business resilience in an economic downturn†. Asia Pacific Business Review. 18.2 (2012): 203-223. Web. https://www.emeraldinsight.com/bibliographic_databases.htm?id=17029973. Birchall, Johnston. Ketilson, Lou Hammond. Resilience of the Cooperative Business Model in Times of Cri sis. 2009. Web. http://www.ilo.org/empent/Publications/WCMS_108416/lang–en/. Burney, Aqil 2008, Inductive Deductive Research Approach. PDF file. 02 May 2013. www.drburney.net/INDUCTIVE%20%20DEDUCTIVE%20RESEARCH%20APPROACH%2006032008.pdf. Cable, Vince 2011, The UK Family Business Sector: Working to grow the UK economy. PDF file. 02 May 2013. http://www.ifb.org.uk/media/44219/theukfamilybusinesssectorreportnov2011_final.pdf. EMyth: The Challenges of a Family Business 2010. Web. http://www.e-myth.com/cs/user/print/post/the-challenges-of-a-family-business. Ernst Young 2012, Built to last Family businesses lead the way to sustainable growth. 2012. PDF file. 2 May 2013. http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Built_to_Last/$FILE/Built_to_Last.pdf. Klein, Sabine. â€Å"Non-Family Executives In Family Businesses – A Literature Review.† Electronic Journal of Family Business Studies (EJFBS). 1.1 (2007): 1-2. Web. https://jyx.jyu.fi/dspace/bitstream/handle/123456789/202 48/EJBFS_2007_v01_n01_p19-37.pdf?sequence=1. The European Commission 2007, Final Report of the Expert Group: Overview of Family–Business–Relevant Issues: Research, Networks, Policy Measures and Existing Studies. PDF file. 2 May 2013. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/promoting-entrepreneurship/family-business/family_business_expert_group_report_en.pdf. Williams, Jennifer. Research Paradigm and Philosophy. 2011. Web. http://www.howtodo.dissertationhelpservice.com/research-paradigm-and-philosophy. List of Abbreviations FBNI = Family Business Network International SMEs = Small and Medium Enterprises This research paper on Effectiveness of Non-Family Member Leaders in Family Business was written and submitted by user Deon Perez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

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The 2006 FIFA football world cup in Germany alone had a cumulative television audience of 26.29 billion in-home and 2.1 billion out –of-home viewers (fifa.com). Football is not in this category alone, sports like basketball, baseball and other mainstream sports have been known to have a lot of their tournaments declared sold out due to over subscription by fans intent on going to watch their favorite players thrash their opponents. The entertainment provided by these sporting activities ensures people spend their free time progressively instead of wasting it on activities that will in the end not add any value to their lives. Sports among the youth is a key factor that has been noted to promote prosocial characteristic traits among individuals. According to Bar-Tal, (1976) and Bierhoff, (2002), prosocial are positive forms of social behavior that are not motivated by personal obligations, rather they are voluntary and they have positive results. These include; cooperation, sharing, respect, altruism and many others (Larrieu Mussen, 1986). Sports among the youth is therefore a very important tool through which individuals, especially the antisocial ones can hone their social skills through interaction with their team mates as well as the opposing players. Through this interaction, ones communication skills are also enhanced and developed and these are acquisitions that will benefit the individual later on in life. Obesity has reached worrying proportions and this is a particular concern to health experts especially since this is caused by an increased rate of inactivity among the youth (National Institute of Health, n.d.; World Health Organization, 2000). According to Storm Jenkins, (2002), the childhood obesity rates which currently stand at approximately 15% are an increase of over 40% through the past 40 years. Childhood obesity is not only a cause of health problems at the present in the form of Type II diabetes but due to its relation to adult obesity, these individuals are likely to become struggling adults with obesity if they do not change their sedentary lifestyles. By engaging in sports activities especially for the purposes of having fun, these children will not only enjoy themselves but they will also have the added advantage of working their way to a better lifestyle that will improve their health. Youths who engage in sporting activities are encouraged to learn good sportsmanship qualities and by learning these they also get to familiarize with the five Cs of positive youth development. These five Cs are; competence, confidence, connection, compassion caring, and character. These are important life tools and skills that any growing and developing youth need in order to be able to relate with his juniors, peers as well as seniors well. They enable the individual to grow into a respectable adult capable of making wise decisions that will positively influence not only himself but also those around him. Through sports, one acquires the confidence to tackle the obstacles that life throws at him having become accustomed to challenges from various types of opponents. Sports among the youth are a good way of passing free time. According to health organizations, there is a growing trend of moral decadence among the youth which is leading to very promising lives being wasted due to drugs. Most of these drug activities are carried out due to individuals having a lot of idle time in which they do not participate in any physical activities, as a result, they resort to destructive drug habits. Case studies have shown that most of the youth who engage in sporting activities have a much lower likelihood to engage in drug activities as it interferes with their performance on the fields and at the same time, especially for those interested in pursuing sports as careers, it us likely to cut short their dreams. Sports therefore acts as a deterrent from drugs. Careers have been developed through sports. In the early 90s, one of the most popular individuals all over the world was Michael Jordan, and it was not because of his ever shining bald head. Jordan possessed dribbling skills that mad non-sports enthusiasts feel like they should get off their couches and go â€Å"shoot some hoops†. Basketball was Michael Jordans career, and he enjoyed it because later in an interview, he calmly stated that he was having fun since he was getting paid to do his hobby. 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Jobs are created for grounds men who have to ensure football pitches have been watered to the required standards, the referees, umpires and other officials whose duty it is to ensure that the rules and regulations governing the various games are followed, and to ensure that order is maintained. Psychologists are also at hand to provide in depth analysis of the reasons why various actions are taken by various individuals. Medical practitioners make killings by bringing in products, albeit illegal, that can help athletes to improve their performances in their various sports. These are just a few of the beneficiaries of youth engaging in sports, but it is therefore true to say youth and sports are employers to very many individuals all over the w orld. Some individuals, especially the introverts have problems associating with people, they would rather stay within their shells and remain alone. When these people engage in sports, they may end up being so excellent in them and that would provide them with a sort of an identity which they can be proud of. These individuals will have a common ground with which they can socialize and that helps them open up to the rest. It is not unusual to find people for whom when they have problems, they run, not to their families first, but to their teammates. They get a sense of belonging there and that makes sports a big player in fostering relations and creating environments in which people can socialize. This is also true for people who may not have anything in common, except love for a particular team or sports and they form friendship since they meet at the venue of the game on regular basis. Many life long friendships have been formed in football stands. Having the youth participate in sports provides them with the necessary experiences that they can apply to great benefit later in life. In sports, one comes face to face with the realities of life that includes success and victory, shame, failure and defeat. Disappointments are common and these are important things that one has to get used to. Life is not a one way street to success and these experiences provide one with the foundation on which to base future decisions. One learns important lessons like how to react to failure and how to survive without giving up in the face of adversity, how to celebrate victories without making opponents feel like they are worthless, how to hang on and give your best to your team even though they may not be having a great day, and how to console teammates after losing an emotional game. These and others make people bond together into a tight knit unit that appreciates every individuals strengths and weaknesses. Sports makes people to appreciate the fact that not all humans are perfect and people make errors, the important thing is how to put those errors in the pat and move on without getting scarred for life, and those are lessons learnt from sports. Sports therefore touch the lives of people, spectators and players alike and create bonds among them that are impenetrable even in difficult times. It is common to see players cry when a teammate gets injured or is no longer going to continue playing with them, the outside world may know the players strengths on the field, but it is the teammates who train daily with him who know his contribution both on and off the field. Playing in sports involves taking risks and being able to live with the consequences. One will have to make certain decisions without knowing how the opponent will react, but he shall go forward nevertheless with the decision and hope the opponent swallows his bait. This makes individuals better prepared for the situations that they will be involved in later on in life that may require them to make decisions without being aware of the consequences. Athletes are also usually under the advice of their coaches and managers who have a say in the decisions they make. Sports therefore makes individuals obey authority and this moulds them into responsible adults who have fear and respect to authority. This makes the society a better place to live in as people are surrounded by individuals who are not self serving, but care how the outcome of their actions will impact on the society around them. When engaging in sports that are physical in nature, an individual has to be in shape and physical fitness will be a quality that will determine winners and losers. The fitness expectations will make an individual to live a healthy lifestyle, eating healthy foods, doing physical activities that will better make them able to compete well. Sport s therefore encourages healthy lifestyles among the youth and leads to the development of a better society of healthy people. Games also need individuals to analyze their opponents and develop tactics with which to beat them having discovered their weaknesses. At the same time one will know how to use their strength to their advantage and how to use it to cover their weaknesses. Therefore individuals will learn how to strategize and overpower opponents, skills that are necessary for survival not only in the competition but in the world as well. Sports is a great way of bringing people together and spreading the messages of goodwill. The world is currently faced with a situation where no single race is social or dominant in a given sport, many other individuals are coming up to challenge the status quo and this may not go right with certain individuals who are of the opinion that their races are superior. Therefore sports is increasingly being used as a way of encouraging people to live and associate together in harmony and to shun evils such as racism. Sports is also being used to pass messages of peace among humans. These make it important among the youth as it makes them understand the issues that are unfolding before them in a language they can relate to. Among the youth, sports is also being used as a tool for reaching out to the less fortunate. It is very common to hear of tournaments organized to raise funds towards certain causes like helping victims of hurricane disasters, tsunamis among others. Sports therefore acts as a way in which the youth can use what they have in the form of their talents to give back to the society that has helped mould them into who they are. Very many children are growing up and are in need of role models to give them something to look forward to. Outstanding sports personalities are usually great role models for such children in that from most of them come stories of winning a struggle. Most successful athletes either came from very humble backgrounds or had to struggle in the face of adversity in order to make it to where they are. There are also others who may not have had it so rough in the beginning, but still had to go through experiences in their lives which would have made them give up their dreams. Instead they took the bull by the horn and confronted their fears and are today great in whatever they do, providing an inspiration to the billions in need of it in the world. Sports thus provide the role models to give the motivation for others to pursue their dreams and ambitions. References Bierhoff, H.W. (2002). Prosocial behavior. New York: Taylor Francis. Bar-Tal, D. (1976). Prosociabehavior: Theory and research. Washington, D.C.: Hemsphere. Larrieu, J., Mussen, P. (1986). Some personality and motivational correlates of childrens prosocial behavior. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 147(4), 529-542. World Health Organization. (2000). Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva: Author. About Fifa; TV Data. Retrieved on 10th October 2009 From http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/marketing/factsfigures/tvdata.html Storm, H., Jenkins, M. (2002). Go girl: Raising healthy, confident, and successful girls through sports. Naperville, IL: Sourcebooks. Mary Sara Wells, Skye G. Arthur-Banning, Karen P. Paisley, Gary D. Ellis, Mark F. Roark and Sara Fisher Journal of Park and Recreation Administration Spring 2008 Volume 26, Number 1 pp. 1-21; Good (Youth) Sports: Using Benefits-Based Programming to Increase Sportsmanship Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (1996). Physical activity and health: A report of the surgeon general. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Perkins, D. F., Jacobs, J. E., Barber, B. L., Eccles, J. S. (2004). Childhood and adolescent sports participation as predictors of participation in sports and physical fitness activities during young adulthood. Youth and Society, 35(4), 495–520. Escobedo, Stryer, B. K., Tofler, I. R., Lapchick, R. (1998). A developmental overview of child and youth sports in society. Sports Psychiatry, 7, 697–711. Smith, R.E., SmoU, F.L. (1996). Way to go, Coach!: A scientifically validated approach to, coaching effectimness. Portola Valley, CA: Warde Publishers. Smoll, F.L., : Smith, R.E. (1989). Leadership behaviors in sport: A conceptual model and Research paradigm. Journal of Applied Sodal Psychology, 19, 1522-1551. SmoU, F.L., Smith, R.E. (Eds.). (1996). Children and youth in sport: A biopsychosocini perspective. Dubuque, lA: McGraw-Hill

Black And White Women Of The Old South Essay -- essays research papers

Minrose Gwin‘s book, Black and White Women of the Old South, argues that history has problems with objectiveness. Her book brings to life interesting interpretations on the view of the women of the old south and chattel slavery in historical American fiction and autobiography. Gwin’s main arguments discussed how the white women of the south in no way wanted to display any kind of compassion for a fellow woman of African descent. Gwin described the "sisterhood" between black and white women as a "violent connection"(pg 4). Not only that, Gwin’s book discusses the idea that for most of the eighteenth and nineteenth century, a black woman usually got subjected to displacement of sexual and mental frustration of white women. Gwin discusses how these black women, because of the sexual and mental abuse, felt looked down on more by whites and therefore reduced to even a lower level than that of white women‘s status of being a woman. . A southern white female slave owner only saw black women as another slave, or worse. White women needed to do this in order to keep themselves from feeling that they were of higher status than every one else except for their husband. White women as, Gwin describes, always proved that they had complete control and black women needed to bow to them. Gwin’s book discusses that the white male slave owners brought this onto the black women on the plantation. They would rape black women, and then instead of the white women dealing with their husbands. They would go after the black women only since the wives had no power over the husbands, but they maintained total control of the slaves, the white women would attack the black women and make their lives very diffucult. The white women would make sure that the black women understood that the white women completely hated the black women for being raped and wanted only pain for the them. This is how the black women of that time got t he stereotypes of being very sexual beings and hated by there oppressors. You can see evidence of this when Gwin discussed the realities of such hatred in the book Absalom, Absalom by William Faulkner. The main character, Clytie, sexual assaults by her male master upsets her because she doesn’t desire to be involved with him, but her female master feels that she should be punished for it. So the white female slave owner... ...man keeps her from ever getting past the dark skin, and makes the white women feel more like the Africans were more of an animal then an actual person. The white women always feels that the slave must understand that the man may rank higher than her but even if her husband wants to mess around then fault goes to the slave not the husbands. And the slave will never be to her level, because the black slave will never be a lady. And in the book you can see how the white women lost there power in the house and that their system of life that they received didn’t prove to work out anymore for them so they had to attempt to adjust to a way life took would take them. I feel that Gwin argues that the main reason for the confrontations for the struggle of power became evident in that it had gotten to point that certain black women would not let their own female owners hit them. This is an example of how not only how the whites women challenged the system, but also how the slave women started to make changes in how they willed to be treated. Bibliographical citation Gwin, Minrose. Black And White Women Of The Old South. Knoxville: Tennessee Press, 1985.

Death of a Salesman and A Raisin in the Sun

â€Å"May I never wake up from the American dream. † Carrie Latet describes the most sought after dream: the dream of a house surrounded by a white picket fence, the dream people work their entire lives for, the dream people fight wars for: the American dream. However, America’s rise to industrialism in the 19th and 20th centuries replaced this dream with the desire to get rich fast. This change led people to believe that it is possible, common even, to obtain wealth rapidly; yet this is not the case. Sometimes, when an individual is unable to acquire such extreme wealth, he create a sense of false reality for himself, his common sense is blurred, and he sees opportunities where there are none. Characters Walter Lee Younger and Willy Loman are prime examples of this, both pinning their hopes on unattainable dreams to hide the feelings of failure. The theme of illusion versus reality is present in both Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun and Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman through the portrayal of main characters Walter and Willy in their struggles for happiness and prosperity. Although the two characters have similar dreams, Walter, a dynamic character, breaks through the fantasy while Willy, a static character, remains trapped in his illusion. Willy Loman has a very specific dream, a contorted version of the American dream. Willy dreams of being successful and providing for his family, but also to be popular and well liked: a spin off the classic American dream, which is generally just to have a happy life. Driven by his need for success and popularity, Willy ignores his calling for nature and throws all his heart into becoming a salesman. Willy is enthralled by the story of Dave Singleman, his inspiration and idol. â€Å"I realized that selling was the greatest career a man could want. ‘Cause what could be more satisfying than to be able to go, at the age of eighty-four, into twenty or thirty different cities, and pick up a phone, and be remembered and loved and helped by so many different people† (Miller 81). This story is the sole reason for Willy’s desire to be a successful salesman, but what he does not realize is that Singleman’s case is one in a million. Although he doggedly pursues a career in selling, Willy also recognizes his need and desire for nature in his retirement plans. As he tells Linda, â€Å"Before it’s all over we’re gonna get a little place out in the country, and I’ll raise some vegetables, a couple of chickens . . . † (72). However, his failure to acknowledge nature as his true passion fuels his failure in the business world as well. Denis Diderot concludes, â€Å"Only passions, great passions, can elevate the soul to great things. † Tempted by success and money, Willy veers from his passion for the outdoors towards business, for which he has little passion. The theme of nature is prevalent from the play’s beginning as, â€Å"A melody is heard, played upon a flute. It is small and fine, telling of grass and trees and the horizon. †(11). This specific tune is often associated with Willy’s character, distancing him from the environment, but emphasizing the connection Willy has to it. Many would argue, Willy has set himself up for failure by choosing the business career. In order to escape the feeling of dejection, Willy reverts to his falsely joyful past and creates multiple illusions for himself, seeing the world through a glass clouded with desire and failure. One of Willy’s greatest regrets is refusing to accompany Ben to Alaska. â€Å"If I’d gone with him to Alaska that time, everything would’ve been totally different† (45). Ben’s success in Alaska not only presents Willy with the possibility of money, but it would also satisfy his connection with nature. Ben’s voice in the play continually represents Willy’s resentment of his decision to stay, and his longing for a second chance to take the opportunity. Next, Willy fondly retreats to his past, a past glossed over in gold. Willy imagines a happy and cheerful history with his family, including his father, whom he never actually knew. Ben! Please tell about Dad. I want my boys to hear. I want them to know the kind of stock they spring from. † (48). This is ironic, because Willy doesn’t remember his father aside from his beard and his flute, so he would not know if his father would be someone to admire. Even though Willy does not have a job, he wants so badly to continue being a salesman that he still drives out to Boston and other cities, deluding his faithful wife, Linda Loman, and in part, himself, to think that he is going on important selling missions. Willy lies so convincingly that, when Ben proposes the idea of going to Alaska, a shocked Linda exclaims, â€Å"You’re well liked, and the boys love you, and someday – why, old man Wagner told him just the other day that if he keeps it up he’ll be a member of the firm . . . † (85). Linda is clearly oblivious to the fact that Willy is crestfallen and miserable. Willy even tries to prove to himself that he is happy, but the only true reason he remains a salesman is to gain the money he believes accompanies the job. Throughout Willy’s struggle, Charley, a FOIL to Willy, is constantly at Willy’s side helping him. Charley is Willy’s crutch, his reality check, and basically his only friend. While Willy fights to keep his family afloat, Charley has a steady job; while Willy manages his children’s lives, Charley leaves his only son, Bernard, to find his own path; while Willy loses his grip on reality, Charley has a firm grasp and a level head. Charley is the true example of the hard working, happy man achieving the American dream. Willy’s failure to recognize his own despondent state is primarily what causes his tragic downfall. As the play nears the end, Willy is faced with a decision. He knows that he will not be able to work much longer, and that at some point, he will have to rely on his sons. Willy also realizes that he has nothing to pass down to his sons. The solution he comes up with is suicide. Willy determines that this proposition is legitimate because it benefits his whole family. While talking with Ben, Willy justifies his decision by saying, â€Å"[Linda’s] suffered. . . Remember, it’s a guaranteed twenty-thousand-dollar proposition† (125-126). When Biff confronts him, Willy comes to an astonishing realization: â€Å"Biff – he likes me! (133). This only further deepens Willy’s desire to commit suicide, which would allow his family to collect the insurance money. However, the real reason for Willy’s tragic end is his static personality. His refusal to see the world as it is and his refusal to change means that he is veiled by his distorted vision of life forever. Willy is never able to break through his illusio n, truly believing that he is more valuable dead than alive. Finally, the decision is made and Willy commits suicide. â€Å"The car speeds off . . . moving away at full speed. . . The music crashes down in a frenzy of sound, which becomes the soft pulsation of a single cello string† (136). The rest of the Loman family is left alone, without the insurance money. As Charley sums up at the funeral, â€Å"He had the wrong dreams. All, all, wrong† (138). Willy died because he didn’t know how to forge his own path. Although he had the chance to turn back, he remained a salesman because he was in it for the money. Had he changed his mind and followed his heart, he would certainly have had an entirely different end. But that was his predicament: Willy Loman did not have the ability to change, something that Walter Lee Younger does have. Walter Lee Younger has dreams that are very similar to Willy’s: to provide for his family and to be successful. Unlike Willy Loman, though, Walter’s dreams of happiness for his family in addition to success. As an African American man, Walter constantly struggles against racial boundaries. The pressure to support his struggling family, including his sister and mother is a constant weight on his back. Walter informs Mama, â€Å"I want so many things that they are driving me crazy . . Sometimes it’s like I can see the future stretched out in front of me . . . Just waiting for me – a big, looming blank space – full of nothing† (73). Like any father or husband, Walter desperately wants a comfortable and content life. The tension between Walter and his wife, Ruth, partially stems from Walter’s inability to deal with his low income, low class job. â€Å"I open and close doors all day long. I drive a man around in a limousine and I say ‘Yes, sir; no, sir; very good, sir . . . that ain’t no kind of job . . . that ain’t nothing at all† (73). Not only is Walter dissatisfied with his job as a limousine driver, but he is embarrassed by it. Walter is desperate, but as a black man, his options for a new occupation are limited to those of a similar caliber to his current job. However, Walter finds an opportunity that could turn his life around. â€Å"I been out talking with people who understand me. People who care about what I got on my mind. † (87), â€Å". . . we got it figured out, me and Willy and Bobo† (33). Inspired by this new hope, Walter envisions a future of prosperity and happiness. This is mostly fueled by Walter’s idol: Charlie Atkins. Similar to Willy’s infatuation with Dave Singleman, Walter believes that Atkins, who owns a dry cleaning business which grosses $100,000 per year, is success incarnate. Atkins is Walter’s inspiration for his own dream of buying liquor store with Bobo and Willy Harris, which could be made possible by the insurance money from his father’s death. In addition to his dreams for himself, Walter also has dreams for his son. Like most fathers, he wants a better life for his son, â€Å"Just tell me where you want to go to school and you’ll go. Just tell me, what it is you want to be – and you’ll be it . . . Whatever you want to be – Yessir! You just name it, son . . . and I hand you the world! † (109). Although Walter has all the same dreams as a white man of his age, they are harder to obtain due to racial boundaries, and Walter must find a way to overcome these limitations. With so many things unperfected in his life, Walter sees money as a solution to his problems. For the Youngers, the symbol of money represents a new house, new clothing and shoes for everyone, especially forWalter’s son, Travis, more food for their table, education for Travis and Walter’s sister, Beneatha, as well as the down payment on Walter’s liquor store. When Mama questions Walter â€Å"How come you talk so much ‘bout money† (74), Walter responds, â€Å"it is life, Mama! . . . it was always about money, Mama. We just didn’t know about it† (74). It is ironic that Walter comments that money is life, because the most significant money in the Younger family comes from Big Walter’s $10,000 life insurance check. As Asagai explains to Beneatha, â€Å"Isn’t there something wrong in a house – in a world – where all dreams, good or bad, must depend on the death of a man? † (135). The illusion Walter holds that money is life contrasts with the reality that the money comes from death. Later, Walter becomes very frustrated as he realizes how unfair the world is, â€Å"Somebody tell me – tell me, who decides which woman is suppose to wear pearls in this world. I tell you I am a man – and I think my wife should wear some pearls in this world† (143). Because of all this pent-up regret and disappointment, Walter reverts to Willy Harris and Bobo’s plan for a source of comfort and hope. His desperation clouds his common sense, and when Mama entrusts him with the remaining insurance money, Walter invests all of it in the liquor store, even that intended for Beneatha’s education. Despite his poor decision, Walter has a â€Å"newfound exuberance† (112). He truly believes that this new deal will turn his family around in a new direction, â€Å"I got wings! You got wings! All God’s children got wings! † (125). However, things take a spin when Bobo arrives with the despairing news that Willy Harris, revealed as a con man, has disappeared with the money. Walter’s incredulity is clear as he realizes that all of the hope he has built up over the liquor store has disappeared like a flash of lightening. Now that all of the insurance money is gone on Walter’s watch, he is even more responsible for his family’s desperate state. Luckily, he is presented with a chance to redeem himself. Before the disheartening news that Willy Harris stole the Younger’s insurance money arrives, Walter is extremely confident. He is even willing to cooperate with Mama’s plan to move into their new house in Clybourne Park, a plan Walter had previously opposed. When Karl Lindner arrives to persuade the Youngers not to move into their new house, Walter confronts him. â€Å"We told him to get out! . . . Oh, we was some proud folks this afternoon . . † (142). However, after the terrible news of the lost insurance money is disclosed, Walter is not so sure-footed. He realizes the difficult financial situation, not to mention the peril that this move will put them in. Ruth, who desperately wants to move, reads her husband’s hesitation and questions him, â€Å"You talking ‘bout taking them people’s money to keep us from moving in that house? † (142) and Walter replies, â€Å"I’m telling you that’s what’s going to happen! † (142). Despite his strong opinion about not moving, Walter experiences a change of heart when Lindner returns. He realizes how much the chance to live is really worth as he sees the potential for Travis, Beneatha, and even for himself and Ruth, and how much the new house will help each of them to grow and flourish. Counter to Willy Loman, Walter learns to value life, learning that money does not necessarily give you a blissful, carefree life. Walter asserts to Lindner, â€Å"We have all thought about your offer . . . and we have decided to move into our house because my father – my father – he earned it for us brick by brick. . . . Travis . . . my son . . . he makes the sixth generation of our family in this country . . And that’s my sister over there and she’s going to be a doctor – and we are very proud . . . we are very proud people† (148). Walter’s dynamic character allows him to emerge from his black hole of despair, a trait that Willy Loman lacked, therefore triggering his own tragic downfall. Now that he is able to accept his mistake of losing all of the insurance money and has shattered the illusion that it is possible for everyone to be as successful and rich as Charlie Atkins, and that excessive wealth does not equate to happiness, Walter can fully appreciate his life, especially his loving family. From a first look, the Younger and Loman families could not be more different. Through careful analysis, though, one finds that they are astoundingly similar. Both working class families, they consistently struggle to maintain their current standards of living, a struggle made much more difficult by the expectant illusions Walter Lee and Willy cling to. The theme of illusion versus reality is vital in both A Raisin in the Sun and Death of a Salesman, demonstrating the harsh reality that a person’s life will never be perfect, and that some people will use heir imagination to fill in the gaps. The sad truth is that some people, like Willy Loman, are never able to break through the illusion. Bent on success and popularity, Willy renders himself victim to his mind forever, ending in death for him, and tragedy for his family. Others, such as Walter Lee Younger, possess the inner strength necessary to break free from this perfect, imaginary world to see that all they want, all they need, and all they seek, is right before them.

Legal Issues of Zoom Car Company

Legal Issues of Zoom Car Company This paper discusses whether Zoom Car Company’s conduct of selling a car with faulty dashboard compass to Daniel Boone constituted a tort as presented in the hypothetical case? This question is significant because Zoom Car Company can only be held liable for Daniel Boone’s loss if its action significantly contributed to Daniel Boone’s physical harm. Zoom Car Company committed an unintentional tort by selling a car with faulty dashboard compass to Daniel Boone.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Legal Issues of Zoom Car Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Under torts law, Zoom Car Company should assume liability for any accident that occurs as a result of faults in its cars. Even though Corrigan Rulers Compasses and Slide Rules, Inc. also committed a tort by selling a faulty dashboard compass to Zoom Car Company, it is the responsibility of Zoom Car Company to ensure that all dashboard compasses are in good condition before installing then in their cars. It is clear from the facts provided in the hypothetical case that Daniel Boone, the plaintiff suffered physical injury. It is also clear from the facts in the case that the plaintiff got lost while driving at night and drove into a high crime area mainly due to the faulty dashboard compass installed in his car. The main reason why the plaintiff opted to buy a car from Zoom Car Company was the fact that its cars had dashboard compasses and would thus assist him in finding his direction whenever he is lost. Daniel Boone’s loss was largely caused by the fact that his dashboard compass was faulty. It is as a result of this that Daniel Boone found himself in a high crime area and ended up with physical injury. Had his dashboard compass been in good working condition, Daniel Boone would not have faced such a misfortune and would have also not incurred any medical cost. Under torts law, the defendant is liable for the plai ntiff’s misfortune as it would have been avoided if his car was installed with proper dashboard compass. The defendant unintentionally caused loss to the plaintiff and should thus take responsibility for his medical costs. While it is clear that the plaintiff suffered injury and incurred medical expenses, it is not clear whether the dashboard compass installed in his car was faulty at the time he bought this car from Zoom Car Company. There is a possibility that the plaintiff would have tempered with the dashboard compass. Besides, customers are always given the opportunity to confirm that goods are in good working condition before purchasing them. How come the plaintiff did not detect the faultiness of dashboard compass at the time he was purchasing this car? Is the defendant’s conduct outrageous to have caused the plaintiff his misfortune? Remember Zoom Car Company only installs dashboard compasses.Advertising Looking for essay on common law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company responsible for manufacturing dashboard compasses is Corrigan Rulers Compasses and Slide Rules, Inc. If the dashboard compasses was not properly installed then, the defendant would be liable. The plaintiff should be clear on whether the dashboard compass was faulty or not properly installed before placing any liability on the defendant. Under civil law, defendant is not directly linked to the plaintiff’s misfortune and, therefore, is not liable to his medical costs. If I was the charge presiding over this case, my ruling would be based on a critical analysis of the facts presented above. First, it is clear from these facts that both the plaintiff and the defendant contributed to the loss suffered by the plaintiff. Under comparative negligence rule, the defendant is only liable for the loss suffered by the plaintiff if he/she had the highest percentage of contribution to the loss. In this ca se, the defendant contributed to the plaintiff’s loss by selling a car with faulty dashboard compass to the plaintiff. The plaintiff contributed to the loss through his negligence as he did not bother to confirm whether the compass was faulty during the purchase of the vehicle and by driving at night when he is not sure of his direction. Apart from comparative negligence, vicarious liability ruling is also applicable in this case. Under vicarious liability, the defendant is liable for harm caused to the plaintiff as a result of a legally binding relationship between them. While this ruling is most applicable when dealing with employee-employer relationship, in this case the car will assume the position of the employee and Zoom Car Company, the employer. It is due to the fault in the car that the plaintiff suffered damage. Since the car was bought from Zoom Car Company, the company should assume any liability arising from faults in the car. Besides, the plaintiff entrusted his future safety to the defendant when he bought a car with dashboard compass assuming that he will never lose his direction. The defendant is thus liable to his loss under torts law as its car failed to fulfill this responsibility. From this analysis, I can conclusively rule that the defendant is liable for loss suffered by the plaintiff. First, the defendant greatly contributed to loss through its negligence. The company ought to verify its devices before installing them to ensure that they are in good working condition. If this was done the damage suffered by the plaintiff would have been avoided. Second, as the company responsible for installing dashboard compasses in their cars, the plaintiff should assume any vicarious liability resulting from faultiness of this device. Zoom Car Company should thus assume liability for Daniel Boone’s medical costs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Legal Issues of Zoom Car Company specifically for you for only $1 6.05 $11/page Learn More

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buy custom Mind of a Killer essay Introduction Maniacs, or serial killers, are of particular concern in a civilized society. This is determined by the number of victims, sophistication of murders and panic among the population, which can be caused by the rumors about the appearance of a serial killer. Economic costs of neutralization of such criminals pose a serious problem to the government because they are significantly higher than the costs of law enforcement action in neutralization of other types of criminal activity (for example, a twelve-year search and arrest of Andrei Chikatilo cost the state about $14000 000 in 1990 prices) (Hickey, 2012). In modern conditions, the most important thing in practical terms is a typological approach to the study of serial killers, which facilitates identification of specific personality traits of individual groups of criminals, the characteristics of their before- and post-criminal behavior and its associated traces. Such serial killers as Jeffrey Dahmer, Andrei Chikatilo and Albert Fish are different enough to be contrasted, but similar enough to be compared. They are among the cruelest serial killers of all time, so their behavior traits and biography details are of crucial importance and should be remembered by everyone. Jeffrey Dahmer Jeffrey Dahmer is an American serial killer whose victims were 17 men and boys between 1978 and 1991. All crimes, except one, were committed in Milwaukee from 1987 to 1991 (Masters, 2007). Crimes of Dahmer were distinguished by exreme violence: the bodies of the victims were raped and eaten by him. As a child, Jeffrey was considered a very reclusive and introverted person who contacted a little with others. This fact made him alienated from his classmates at first, and then from army comrades, relatives and friends. Alienation plays a very important role in shaping the personality of a serial killer, as it gives rise to suspicion and hostility to the surrounding world (Thomas, 2010). It also fosters the development of infantilism, inability to empathize with other people, which contributes to the commission of crimes. Dahmers mother was very ill after the birth of Jeffrey; he saw this and blamed himself, giving rise to a feeling of guilt and inferiority, which also had a significant impact on Jeffrey. He felt unnecessary to his own parents, so he developed anxiety, which also promotes the formation of deviant behavior (Masters, 2007). The feeling of unnecessariness also leads to a lack of a sense of security, to the formation of a neurotic personality, and, respectively, to the fear of death. This is an important observation, which explains why serial killers are very difficult to commit suicide, though sometimes they extremely want it. Dahmer often tried to commit suicide, but he lacked the courage (Thomas, 2010). Dahmer experimented with animals, and he later admitted that the autopsies of the animals gave him a sense of power, superiority and domination from which he enjoyed. At the age 14, he kisses a neighbor boy and realizes his homosexual orientation (Masters, 2007). He had no chance to say this to anyone and was very ashhamed of his desires. This situation also affected the psyche of Dahmer very much. A feeling of alienation from others worsened, unconscious experiences continued to accumulate and demanded the output that Jeff carried out with the help of the dismemberment of the animals bodies (Thomas, 2010). When the feeling of alienation and unnecessariness reached its apogee, Dahmer killed his first victim. Andrei Chikatilo Andrei Chikatilo was born in Ukraine, in 1936. The facts about his childhood are almost unknown. Andrei Chikatilo commited 53 proved murders: 21 boys from 7 to 16 years, 14 girls from 9 to 17 years, and 18 adult girls and women (Hickey, 2012). It appears that the two circumstances slowed down his social advancement. Firstly, he caused a strong antipathy and rejection towards himself in many people. He himself said that he was verbally abused at work by everyone from a simple worker up to the chief. Secondly, he was a passive homosexual in the army and in the detention center, where he was under investigation for embezzlement. Chikatilo also suffered several injuries of the skull (Hickey, 2012). This also affected his personality and contributed to the development of irritability, nastiness, and intolerance. According to his temperament, he belonged to an epileptoid type of people with typical for this type cruelty and rancor. He was also a member of the Communist Party, but in connection with the arrest on charges of embezzlement, he was expelled from the party, losing thereby even such formal social recognition as a membership in the ranks of the ruling party (Hickey, 2012). Buy custom Mind of a Killer essay

Personal development plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Personal development plan - Essay Example Part 1 This is what I call the Records part. It deals with my curriculum vitae including educational qualifications, experience, specific training etc and my likes and dislikes. I will round off the section with a SWOT analysis of my-self. Part 2 This is the Analysis part. I will reflect upon and analyze some of my experiences to ascertain the best strategy for me to further develop my personality. This Section is based mainly on a number of theories. Just for future reference I have listed the crux of few of these theories which I have used in my analysis. PART 1 - RECORD Curriculum Vitae Personal Details HAIDER KAMAL Address 7 / A, Fleetwood Street, Macintosh Towers, London Date of Birth 27 February 1983 Nationality British e-mail address hk@hotmail.com Mobile Number 0638 12345678 Marital Status Single Home telephone 44.171.5678900 Personal Profile Key Skills Working under pressure to meet short deadlines Adapting quickly and effectively to changing circumstances and objectives Working independently or as part of a project team Career Profile Employer Appointment Duration Role Mavis & Deacon HR Consultants Section Supervisor Jan 2004 - May 2005 Assist manager in survey of client company J&J Pharma Ltd Assistant to Deputy HR Manager Jun 2005 - Jan 2007 All aspects of day to day working Academic Achievements Course Institution Result Year MBA (HRM) Greenwich Management School Ongoing 2007 BS (HRM) " 1st Class 2004 A Level St. John's College 4 A's ; 4 B's 2001 O Level " 5 A's ; 3 B's 1999 Interests Field sports like football, hockey, and cricket. Reading history, especially ancient Greek history. Music, movies and swimming. Training Received I attended a number of work-shops during my tenure at J&J.... To excel in what one does and to be better at it than others is the cherished desire of all persons. However, the measure of success depends upon the effort one puts in to constantly develop and improve his / her skills and personality. Stephen R Covey in his book Seven Habits of Highly Effective People suggests that to start the process of self improvement one should write down how he or she would like to be remembered after their death and then work to achieve that ideal. Meyer – Briggs Type Indicator ( MBTI ) is a personality test designed to identify significant personal preferences. Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers developed the Indicator during World War II, and its criteria follow from Carl Jung's theories in his work Psychological Types. According to Myers-Briggs Theory, while types and traits are both inborn, traits can be improved akin to skills, whereas types, if supported by a healthy environment, naturally differentiate over time. The ind icator attempts to tell the order in which this occurs in each person, and it is that information that the complete descriptions are based on. The indicator is like an arrow which attempts to point in the direction of the proper description. To learn about one's inborn traits is to create the opportunity to improve how one applies them in different contexts. In that sense, the MBTI can yield much personal change and growth.The main sorts of MBTI are known as Dichotomies.

Revolutionary Materials in the Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Revolutionary Materials in the Industry - Essay Example Zeoform’s application ranges from jewelry and musical instruments to structures and interior design. Zeoform is wood-like in texture and can be molded into a very vast range of products. This material is fully non-toxic. Zeoform is biodegradable and is formed by locking up of the molecules of carbon collected from waste into very ecstatic functional things. Zeoform is a revolutionary material because it is not a one of its kind material, but is also environment friendly as it is formed from the processing of waste. Zeoform â€Å"is a ‘game-changing’ technology that will generate a new global industry – much like plastic did in the post-war years. A ubiquitous, eco-friendly material used on all continents in nearly all industries to produce endless, innovative consumer products† (Wheeler cited in Zarkham). Zeoform’s raw materials are in abundance and process of manufacturing is fairly simple. Because of these factors, Zeoform is cost effective and is competitively